In order to enjoy the sweet and ripe grapes from the second half of summer, you must work hard. After all, growing this plant is not the simplest lesson, but if you know the basic principles and react in a timely manner to the occurrence of diseases, then the reward will be worthy. By the way, the tastier the grape variety, the more difficult it is to protect it from pests and diseases. The higher the stability of grapes to negative environmental influences, the more modest its taste. If you want to harvest delicious grapes, then you need to take care of the ideal conditions for the growth and development of this plant.
The most common vine diseases and the features of their treatment
Infectious diseases can lead to complete death of the entire vineyard, not to mention the loss of crop. This is especially possible in cases where there are conditions that are favorable for pathogens. It is worth paying attention to the fact that harmful bacteria and fungus can enter the vineyard through clothes to a person, garden inventory, infected animals, etc. D. But, of course, the main source of the disease is the surrounding plants that have already “grabbed” some sore. In this regard, it is necessary to secure the vineyard as much as possible from extraneous influence, placing it in an impenetrable place and at a safe distance from other plants on the site if there are such.
Mildew
This disease also has a second name – powdery mildew. It is most dangerous in the growing season. And if the rains also begin, then this will create ideal conditions for the development of an infectious disease. And the development of this disease is extremely undesirable, since it can completely destroy the plant along with all fruits, leaves, shoots. Initially, mildeu is manifested by oily spots of the yellow shade. If the weather is wet, then on the leaves there is a plaque of a white shade. As a result, all parts of the vineyard that were infected are first undergoes the process of decay, and then simply dry out.
It is worth noting that the exciting fungus is overwhelmed by the winter, like many other pests, under the foliage in the soil. A feature of Mildu is a frenzied rate of reproduction, which is difficult to attribute to its positive qualities. During the season alone, powdery mildew can increase by as many as twenty generations. Propagation activity decreases only with a decrease in air temperature. As a prevention, it is necessary to act in accordance with the following information:
vineyards are contraindicated in the thickened state of trellis;
the hanging of the vines and their touch to the Earth should not be allowed (in this way the path of infection throughout the vineyard is simplified and there is no space for ventilation);
broken grape branches must be quickly destroyed;
Take the same measures in relation to weeds;
When the shoots reach a height of 15cm, it is recommended to spray the burgundy liquid bush.
Remember and use these methods of prevention, since it is much easier to prevent the problem of infectious infection than to deal with such a persistent and active enemy as powdery mildew.
Bacterial cancer and its features
Unfortunately, to date, this disease remains in the list of invincible. Until now, it has not been possible to find an effective treatment method. Therefore, all responsible gardeners strive to do everything possible in order to prevent the occurrence of this bacterium in the vineyard. But you need to start from the moment the seedlings are planted. They should not contain noticeable tuberous tumors on themselves. If you still acquired a sick plant and dropped it out in an inattention in your site, then immediately after the disease has been found, you should uproot the infected area. Moreover, the territory of the Earth on which the infected vineyard grew up can not be used for a couple of years. This bacterium most often penetrates the plant through wounds, soil processing, vaccinations, etc. D. Therefore, all these moments must be carefully monitored and sterile to save the tools used.
Oidium
Most likely, you have already heard about this disease, but under a different name – “ashtray”. Oidium received such a nickname in connection with the ash-gray tint of plaque on the infected parts of the vineyard. It is also worth paying attention to the fact that this plaque has a sharp and unpleasant odor. The most acceptable place for the development of this disease is a vineyard located in an impenetrable, shaded place. It is necessary to process the vineyard with topaz, quadris, flint, etc. P. But solely in cases where the gardener was seen the obvious first signs of this disease of grapes. In total, the plant must be treated about four times in different periods of its development.
Black spotting
This disease is caused by a fungus and is a serious problem that can lead to the death of the entire plant. Especially attentive to grapes should be at the beginning of summer, since it is in June that black points and round shape on shoots appear, which then grow into longitudinal spots. If the fungus switches to the fruits, then the berries will lose their taste and gain an unnatural color. Black spotting cannot be destroyed using special chemicals that are used to combat other diseases. But you can significantly reduce its scale. For this, it is recommended to use Bordeaux liquid, efal, euparens, mikal, etc. Those parts of the vineyard that were as affected as possible should be removed and destroyed in fire.
Many experienced gardeners have already convinced that it is better to spend time and effort on preventive measures than to lose the grape crop and infect the rest of the plants with an infectious fungus. Therefore, be attentive to your vineyard, create ideal conditions for him, and he will thank you delicious and juicy grapes.
