The cottage in the view of most people is a house in which you can spend the summer without hearing urban noise, tasting only the sounds of nature. You can build such a house in a short period using the frame system and special technology. The frame cottage house erected using the new technology can be isolated from the cold, heating, and then it will be good and comfortable even in winter frosts.
DIY frame dacha houses
For quick construction, you can use various methods of erecting the frame. If the developer wants to carry out all the construction on his own, then, most likely, he is suitable for frame-frame construction technology. It is not necessary to use heavy equipment.
For a summer house you will need a foundation. A frame is installed on the foundation, that is, racks with a certain step. Perform casing from a beam or from “block house”. If you use this material, then the sheathing will also serve as the decoration of the facade of the house. There is no need to choose a decent cladding, because natural material in itself is already siding.
They bring all the necessary communications, interior decoration is performed, and the house will be ready to accept the owners.
What is the foundation to build for a frame house
If the soils are problematic, wet or vice versa, loam, then you can build a pile column foundation. In this case, there will be no basement or cellar in the house.
If the soil consists of sand and clay, then the strip foundation will be less expensive. It is not necessary to strengthen it, because the house does not have a big weight. Before starting the bookmark of the house, you need to get advice from surveyors who will give recommendations on the foundation.
For construction, clear the place and apply marking under the tape. The depth will depend on the level of freezing of the soil. Most often dig a tape with a depth of 50 cm. The width of the tape depends on the size of the wall + 10 cm. A drainage layer of 20 cm from gravel and sand is poured on the bottom of the trench. The side sides of the foundation are laid out by roofing material as waterproofing. The formwork is installed 30 cm high from the upper boundary of the soil. For it, you can use boards 5 cm.
A reinforcing mesh made of wire is mounted inside the trench. The cement of the M500 and sand is used as filling, observing the proportion of 1: 3. The solution is thoroughly tamped. You can install the frame after 2 weeks.
How to make a binding
The frame scheme of the house consists of:
lower and upper strapping;
corner and load -bearing racks;
intermediate racks between which window and doorways of struts, rigels are formed;
Roof frame.
The bearing frame of the house is attached to the beam of the lower binding. Material size 150*150 mm. Before its installation, roofing material is laid on the foundation tape. On the foundation, the strapping is fixed with anchors, the diameter of which is 16 mm, length – 200 mm.
If the surface of the foundation does not have a strictly horizontal shape, and a gap that does not exceed 1 cm is formed between the beam and the monolith, then wooden strips are used for alignment. They are laid under the beam. A larger gap is poured with concrete.
The bars of the lower strapping are interconnected. Fixation is performed in corner compounds. This is done either by the bead or anchors.
For the he oven, the holes are drilled in the joints and driven into it. It can be round or square. 10 cm of the nagel should remain above the surface of the hole, to connect it with the corner racks of the frame. Anchors are installed in a step of 1.2 m.
Installing racks for a frame house
The supporting racks are strengthened with a step of no more than 2 m. For corner racks, a beam is selected 60*120 mm, for intermediate – 50*100 mm.
The first in the frame is installed corner racks. If the connection of the lower binding was performed using the nagel, then at the bottom of the rack a hole equal to the dialing diameter of the nagus is drilled. The stand is planted on the wax and retained by ugsins. After that, the beam is strengthened with a steel corner and the bloom is removed.
If the connection of the lower binding was anchor, then the corner racks are attached with reinforced steel corners.
Intermediate racks are fixed to the lower strapping with fasteners without amplification. You can use the cutting method, but then the integrity of the main lower beam is violated, and in the future it can be destroyed. Previously, the racks are attached with ugsin, after the final installation, the auxiliary elements are removed.
Installation of the upper strapping
After vertical racks have been installed, the upper binding beams are strengthened. Drinking Barsus occurs in grooves made by cutting.
Fixation is carried out by metal corners. In this case, self -tapping screws are used.
The upper strapping should be strictly parallel to the lower ligament, otherwise the frame will be distorted. It is necessary to monitor the strict vertical line of the racks and the same length of their bars.
Assembly of the walls of the frame house
A material intended for walls is attached to the installed frame. In general, the whole structure looks like a puff pie:
from the inside – casing from GKL;
vapor barrier: peramin;
insulation, as which you can take mineral or basalt cotton wool;
Material that protects the house from moisture and wind: a wind -hydro -protection membrane;
facade from boards or material “block house”.
Such wall filling can save the temperature in the room +20 ° C, at zero temperature on the street. There is enough heater in 1 kW to warm the room at 50 m2. Wall thickness is approximately 200 mm.
The house can consist of living room, bedroom, kitchen, bathroom and toilet rooms. An additional room can be equipped in an attic. Bringing communications and the installation of a heating system will depend on how long you are going to live in a summer house. If it is planned to spend time outside the city in winter, then heating is necessary. For heating, you can lay out a stove or fireplace.
The frame of the house can be installed using not only wooden material, but also the latest construction developments. These include metal thermoprofilles and fiberglass profiles. The house will be even easier, but no less reliable.
Small construction periods are quite small. If you start laying the foundation in April, then by about August the house will be ready.
