The question of how to build a roof with an attic is occupied by everyone who wants to expand the living space of the house due to the “cover” space. The room under the roof actually replaces another floor with the only difference that the role of the walls in this case is given a roofing structure.
The construction of the attic roof – where to start?
How to equip an attic under the roof of the house without special costs
The roof of the attic can be of two types – with partially vertical or completely inclined walls. From the point of view of expansion of space, the first option is much preferable, because the useful area of the room is larger. In addition, the attic can be insulated and unscrupulous. Making a “cover” space is warm if the house is used by a family for permanent residence. If the attic is not insulated, then in the rooms under it it will be cool in winter and, possibly, even in the fall. The “cold” attic is quite suitable for a summer house used only in the warm season.
The construction of the roof should begin on paper – that is, first of all, it is necessary to design the future structure. This is necessary when erecting a house from scratch and when redevelopment of a ready -made building. Moreover, in the case of perestroika, this moment is even more important, since when erecting the attic floor it is very important to take into account the state of the ceiling and foundation of the house. The project should also be taken into account, the room will be cold or warm, since this may affect the choice of roofing material. For example, for an unsuitable attic, you should not choose a coating of metal tile or corrugated board, since rain drops will be strongly “drumming” on them. In addition, the thermal conductivity of the metal is very high and in an unheated attic it will be even colder.
It is worth noting that the construction of the roof, the video of which you will find in the application to the article will cost more than the construction of the attic. To let natural light into the room under the roof, it is necessary to install special windows. This is another fairly significant expenses, because the cost of the windows themselves and their installation is higher than ordinary wooden or plastic.
The total area of the windows should be at least 10-12% of the entire roof area.
We proceed to construction “procedures”
Zoning the attic floor
Like the construction of any roof, the construction begins with the installation of Mauerlat. In the event that we are dealing with a two -way roof, the support beam is installed only in the places where the overhangs of the roof will be. If you are building a four -sided attic roof, it will need to be laid around the entire perimeter of the external walls. Mauerlat is attached using studs pre -installed in a brick or armored carrier. When installing studs, the distance between the rafters laid in the project should be taken into account. For example, if the step between them is 1.2 m, the fasteners need to be installed at exactly the same distance, but taking into account them to be in the middle of the rafter span. If this rule is not observed, then the Mauerlat and the rafter structure will noticeably weaken.
Fastener “knitting needles” should be made of galvanizing – this will help to avoid rust. Between the Mauerlat and the wall of the house, it is necessary to make waterproofing, as which you can use special films and roller materials on a bitumen basis.
As a Mauerlat, a beam with a cross section of 150×150 mm is used (sometimes “logs” are used with a size of 200×200 mm). At the same time, it is very important that the support beam, however,, like the entire rafter systems, be dry – otherwise they can “story”. In addition, the whole tree needs to be processed by compositions that will not only protect it from mold, fungi or natural pests, but will reduce its grief (such compounds are called anti -piren). In order to fix the support beam on the wall as strong as possible, the studs are tightened with nuts.
The rafter system used to create a cover room can be of two types:
Laying;
hanging.
The choice of rafters is determined at the design stage. It should be noted that the construction of a hanging system is fraught with great difficulties than installing a dash and requires significant knowledge and construction experience. Sometimes a complex design is a complex design that combines both the layered and hanging rafters for a roof of this type.
After the Mauerlat is installed, proceed to the construction of rafter farms. To avoid unnecessary difficulties, we recommend that you contact production, where ready -made forms will make you already based on the attic project. Otherwise, you will have to make them yourself, and this is quite difficult. To facilitate the work, you can make a sample of a farm from bars with a cross section of 50×50 cm and fit it as it should, and then make elements of a rafter system on its basis already on its basis.
First of all, the extreme elements are installed, and then the skate beam, according to which all other farms are equal. In order to give the structure of greater stiffness, it is additionally strengthened by crossbars, which are attached at a small distance from the ridge timber.
After the farms are installed, a layer of vapor barrier membrane is mounted on them. Then they mount the crate, followed by insulation of the roof of the attic. Remember that the heat and waterproofing of the room depends on how correctly the roof is made. The vapor barrier of the roof is also very important, since the microclimate in the living room depends on it.
The roof device begins with the installation of the crate. When installing sheet roofs, a rarefied crate is made, and when using any roller materials or soft tiles, it is complemented on top with sheets of OSP or moisture-resistant plywood.
How to build an attic on your own?
If the undercarbon room is created already in a finished house, then there is a need to strengthen interteys. They can be put again or, if people constantly live in the house, disassemble the floor of the attic and strengthen the existing lags with new. In order not to create an additional load on the floors, you should not choose a ceramic tile as a material for the floor.
Naturally, for access to the cover room you need a staircase. The most appropriate will be the use of screw structures, which are convenient and take up a little space.
In order to be comfortable in the room, the height of the floor to the ceiling of the attic should not be less than two meters. As a rule, this distance is 2.5-3.5 meters. As the basis for finishing walls, whether it is putty, painting or pasting with wallpaper, it is best to choose drywall because it is light and convenient to work.
Do not clutter up the attic with furniture. And in order to dispose of the new living space as competently as possible, it is worth placing sofas or beds near the inclined walls, and in very low places – to equip the storage location closed from the main space.
